Mea nailoua hoʻohana nui ʻia, liʻiliʻi i nā stockings nylon, nui i nā ʻāpana peripheral engine engine, etc., ua uhi i nā ʻano āpau o ko mākou ola.ʻO nā wahi noi like ʻole, ʻokoʻa nā koi no nā waiwai o ka nylon, e like me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena, ke kūʻē ʻana i nā mea hana kemika, ka ʻike a me ke kūpaʻa.
ʻO ka nylon maʻamau, pili i ka PA6, PA66 ʻelua mau ʻano maʻamau.ʻO ka nylon maʻamau i hoʻonui ʻia, flame retardant a me nā hoʻololi ʻē aʻe e loaʻa i nā hemahema nui, e like me ka hydrophilicity ikaika, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻole a pēlā aku, e kaupalena ana i nā noi.
No laila, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā hemahema a hoʻonui i nā hiʻohiʻona hou, ma ke ʻano ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā monomers synthetic hou, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i kahi moʻo o nā nylon kūikawā me nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ke hoʻokō i nā manawa hoʻohana like ʻole, i māhele ʻia i loko.kiʻekiʻe wela nylon, kaulahao kalapona lō'ihi nylon, 'ōlinolino nylon, bio-based material nylon a me nylon elastomer a pela aku.
A laila, e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā ʻāpana o ka nylon kūikawā, ko lākou ʻano a me nā noi.
Hoʻohālikelike a me nā laʻana hoʻohana onilon kūikawā
1. Palena wela kiʻekiʻe -- kiʻekiʻe wela nylon
ʻO ka mea mua, pili ka nylon kiʻekiʻe i nā mea nylon i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kahi kaiapuni ma luna o 150 ° C no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Loaʻa maʻamau ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe o ka nylon wela ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā monomers ʻala ʻala.No ka laʻana, nā nylon āpau-aromatic, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ʻo DuPont's Kevlar, i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka hopena o ka p-benzoyl chloride me ka p-phenylenediamine a i ʻole p-amino-benzoic acid, i kapa ʻia ʻo PPTA, hiki ke mālama i ka ikaika maikaʻi ma 280 ° C no 200h.
Eia naʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe aromatic holoʻokoʻanailona mahanaʻAʻole maikaʻi i ka hana a paʻakikī i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, no laila ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka nylon semi-aromatic kiʻekiʻe i hui pū ʻia me aliphatic a me nā mea ʻala.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā ʻano nylon wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me PA4T, PA6T, PA9T, PA10T, etc., he semi-aromatic kiʻekiʻe-mehana nylon polymerized mai ke kaulahao aliphatic diamine a me terephthalic acid.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka nylon wela kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā ʻāpana mechanical a me nā ʻāpana uila / uila.
2. ʻO ka ʻoʻoleʻa kiʻekiʻe - naylon kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka mea e pili ana i nā mea nylon me ka ʻoi aku o 10 methylenes ma ke kaulahao mole.
Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hui methylene i ke kaula kalapona lōʻihi, no laila he kiʻekiʻe ka paʻakikī a me ka palupalu.Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka density o nā hui amide ma ke kaulahao mole e hoʻemi nui i ka hydrophilicity a hoʻomaikaʻi i kona kūpaʻa dimensional, a ʻo kāna mau ʻano he PA11, PA12, PA610, PA1010, PA1212 a pēlā aku.
Ma ke ʻano he ʻano nui o ka ʻenekinia plastics, loaʻa i ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi ka maikaʻi o ka haʻahaʻa wai haʻahaʻa, maikaʻi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kūpaʻa, paʻa ka nui, paʻakikī maikaʻi, ʻaʻahu-kū pale haʻalulu absorption, etc., a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka automotive, kamaʻilio, mīkini. , nā lako uila, aerospace, nā mea haʻuki a me nā kula ʻē aʻe.
3. Mākaʻikaʻi kiʻekiʻe - transparent nylon
ʻO ka nylon maʻamau ka hiʻohiʻona translucent, ka transmittance māmā ma waena o 50% a me 80%, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka transmittance nylon māmā ma mua o 90%.
Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka nylon māmā e ke ʻano kino a me nā ʻano kemika.ʻO ke kaʻina hana kino, ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea nucleating a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka palaoa i ka laulā hawewe ʻike ʻia e loaʻa ai ka microcrystalline transparent nylon.ʻO ke ʻano kemika ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka monomer i loko o ka hui ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka hoʻonohonoho apo, hoʻopau i ka maʻamau o ke kaulahao molekala, a loaʻa i ka nylon transparent amorphous.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka nylon māmā no ka mea inu a me ka hoʻopili meaʻai, akā hiki ke hana i nā mea hana optical a me nā ʻāpana kamepiula, ka hana ʻenehana o ka nānā ʻana i ka Windows, ka puka aniani X-ray, nā mea hana mīkini, electrostatic copier developer storage, nā uhi kukui kūikawā, nā ipu a me nā pahu meaʻai. .
4. Hoʻomau - Bio-hoʻokumuNailana
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā monomers synthetic o nā ʻano ʻano nylon mai ke ala hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻaila, a ʻo ka monomer synthetic o nā mea bio-based nylon mai ke ala hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o nā mea ola, e like me Arkema ma o ke ala ʻoki ʻaila castor e loaʻa ai ka amino undecanoic. ʻakika a laila synthetic nylon 11.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻaila maʻamau o ka nylon, ʻaʻole i loaʻa wale nā mea hana bio-based nylon i nā pono haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kaiapuni, akā hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono hana like ʻole o ka hopena, e like me Shandong Kaisai bio-based PA5X series, Arkema Ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia nā ʻāpana Rilsan i nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā mea uila a me ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
5.Elasticity kiʻekiʻe -- nylon elastomer
ʻO ka nylon elastomere pili ana i nā ʻano ʻano nylon me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha māmā a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, akā pono e haʻi ʻia ʻo ka molecular chain composition o nylon elastomer ʻaʻole nā ʻāpana kaula polyamide a pau, a me nā ʻāpana kaulahao polyether a polyester, ʻo ka ʻano pāʻoihana maʻamau ka polyether block amide (PEBA).
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hana o ka PEBA he ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, hoʻihoʻi elastic maikaʻi, ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, maikaʻi antistatic hana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kāmaʻa mauna, nā kāmaʻa ski, silencing gear a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-27-2023